Financial Markets and Risk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Money related Markets and Risk - Essay Example The drawn out reserve funds and speculation items offered by banks and NBFI’s are for the most part life confirmation, benefits and other venture items, for example, fixed stores with a drawn out development. Fixed stores are time stores which give a higher financing cost than the ordinary interest stores. Benefits items are planned for meeting the retirement needs of financial specialists wherein a single amount sum is given to the speculator which is gathered throughout the years. Putting resources into securities (government and corporate) is another choice where there is more wellbeing despite the fact that the profits might be similarly less. A few banks and numerous NBFI’s give stage to put resources into shared assets moreover. II. Suggestions for singular savers and financial specialists of a critical increment in the general loan costs. The most obvious impact because of the expansion in financing costs is on the credits obtained and stores made by people. An e xpansion in loan fee implies increment in the repo paces of banks. This will bring about an expansion in the home loan loans’ enthusiasm just as different advances and obligations like charge card obligation. The expansion in financing cost on credits will constrain the people who previously obtained the advances to pay more on the intrigue and this will prompt less reserve funds. The individuals who had plans to acquire advance will defer the equivalent so as to be alleviated of the additional weight of higher intrigue reimbursement. Another viewpoint is with the planning inclination of making store. Since the financing cost is high, the arrival on venture from banks as stores will likewise be high which will incite the people to make more speculations out of their investment funds. Swapping scale changes can likewise be an impact of loan cost change. At the point when the financing cost builds, there will be more inflow of outside cash as FIIs. This will prompt an expansion in the estimation of the residential money. The suggestions are that, the people who put resources into remote money will see their estimation of venture descend as far as household cash because of the decline in estimation of the outside cash, different variables continuing as before. Additionally this will make imported merchandise moderately less expensive to the local purchasers which thus power the local makers to diminish their products’ value which implies more reserve funds for the person. Ascend in financing costs will likewise influence stock and protections like bonds. At the point when loan cost rises, the cost of existing bond falls. This is on the grounds that financial specialists can get higher rates on recently gave securities. An increasing loan fee may influence the securities exchange likewise in light of the fact that 1) financial specialists will go to purchase securities as they give better yield, 2) speculators need to pay more to get cash and spend t hem, which will prompt a droop in the development of numerous organizations which produce shopper merchandise. III. Dangers to business banks of a huge ascent when all is said in done financing costs. All banks face loan cost dangers. Changes in financing cost can diminish a bank’s income and lower its total assets. Loan fee hazard is characterized as the instability in profit or the estimation of a budgetary establishment attributable to sudden changes in financing costs. â€Å"The boss wellspring of loan cost chance is the befuddled re-estimating of a budgetary intermediary’s resources and liabilities.†

Digital Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Advanced Business Management - Essay Example To accomplish this, the paper has chosen www.origin.com as the site for examination. An examination of the site is directed with an attention on how it is executing computerized data frameworks. The paper at that point audits the plan of action of the site demonstrating its online offer. The paper at that point proceeds to distinguish the intended interest group of the site and how the site is attempting to get to them. In conclusion, the paper assesses the client relationship the executives methodology utilized and makes proposals dependent on what has been watched. Origin.com is Origin’s official site. Source offers free gaming types of assistance and a stage for games shopping that permits client to shop, access and play differed computer games. Beginning additionally goes about as a long range interpersonal communication stage which empowers clients to associate, system and welcome each other to mess around across various stages (Origin.com, 2014). The site is additionally associated with a cloud administration that empowers a client to spare a game and resume from where it was halted. It, consequently, takes into consideration trade of data and criticism, thus, making a completely practical computerized data framework (Gitman and McDaniel, 2006). An advanced data framework is characterized as plan of equipment, programming, liveware and data assets that empowers contributing of information, handling, yielding and capacity of data frequently for an unmistakable reason (Kathy, Zhwei and Agrusa, 2004). There are numerous sorts of data frameworks; the exchange handling framework, the board data framework, choice emotionally supportive network and official emotionally supportive network (El-Sawy and Pereira, 2012). This sites goes about as a choice emotionally supportive network since it gives data that is then utilized by a client to settle on choices dependent on data gave (Preece, 2001). A similar data can be utilized by the Origin supervisory group to note and break down issues and think of maintainable answers for the equivalent. The site executes computerized data frameworks in

The Art Of Capitalism Advertising And Culture Article

The Art Of Capitalism Advertising And Culture Article The Art Of Capitalism: Advertising And Culture â€" Article Example > Exploitation of Humanity by Advertisers for Commercial AdvantageAdvertising has played a very critical role in the growth of capitalism by aiding commerce, enhancing brand visibility and sustaining the growth of multinational companies. Advertising is the use of media technologies, artistic skills and recently psychological knowledge to appeal to the target market. The ultimate aim of advertising campaigns is to get consumers to buy particular products and services to support the growth of the producing companies. The logic behind advertising is that the effective an advertising campaign is, the higher the value of projected sales. While an increase in sales and growth of an enterprise is good for any economy, there is a thin line between the growth of businesses and exploitation of masses through advertising. Critics of advertising argue that advertisers employ artistic and scientific skills to capture the attention of the target market and influence it to buy the advertised prod uct or service. This has led to unsustainable consumerism where people buy more than they require for their needs. Advertisers also design campaigns meant to influence children whose cognitive ability if not fully developed. Advertising also contributes to gender stereotyping by objectifying women as sexual objects in advertisements that rely on sexual appeal to attract attention. Some messages in advertisement campaigns may be cleverly misleading and may thus cause injury or unexpected expenses to an unsuspecting consumer. Advertising clutter sent via email, visible on WebPages and public places constitute an incursion the attention of the audience subconsciously. The numerous negative implications of advertising seem to support Raymond Williams that at one level, 'the advertisers are people using certain skills and knowledge, created by real art and science, against the public for commercial advantage'. This paper will discuss the negative implications of commercially exploitive advertising in society. Advertising to childrenChildren were not as significantly exposed to advertisement messages before the 1950’s as they are currently. This can be explained by the widespread consumption of television and internet entertainment. According to a news articles by Bruce Watson in The Guardian, The average consumption of TV commercials in countries such as America is estimated at 16,000 (Watson, 2014). It is such statistics that have contributed to debate and scientific research on the effects of advertising on a child’s brain. Several arguments have been advanced against advertising to children. For instance, advertising has been partly blamed for the rising cases of childhood obesity in developed countries. Fast-food restaurants, sugary foods processors and retailers, and carbonated drinks manufacturers have been blamed of contributing to childhood obesity by advertising to children. This has led to fast-food restaurants such as Subway to launch healthy eati ng marketing campaigns meant to appeal to children and avoid a social backlash from the markets where it operates. In 2014, Subway agreed to spend $41m in a campaign-“Playtime: Powered by Veggies” to promote healthy eating in children. Subway’s action is a reaction to a widely discussed ethical marketing issue relating to advertising to children (Watson, 2014). Psychologists argue that children below the age of five years do not have the ability to distinguish between entertainment and commercials in television programs. Children between seven and eight years can distinguish between and entertainment and commercials but cannot recognise the persuasive intent of advertisers. It is not clearly evident if children can appreciate the fact that advertisement messages can be inherently biased towards encouraging consumption of a certain product or service. The fact that the cognitive ability of children does not enable them to understand advertisements messages from a realistic pe rspective creates the ethical dilemma of whether to support advertisements to children or not. Advertising to children indirectly contributes to childhood obesity, poor impulse controls and inability to distinguish between products by their actual value and brands. Advertisers have consistently argued that advertising can help children to develop critical analysis of issues relating to their worldview. However, it is only fair to appreciate that advertisers are primarily interested in persuading children to purchase their services and products. Countries such as Sweden have laws that completely bar advertising to children below 12 years. From a cognitive development of children perspective, it is clear that children cannot appreciate the persuasive intent of the advertiser. Therefore, advertising to children is the use of science and art against public good for commercial advantage.

Questions on Abnormal Psychology - 4701 Words

Part 1 of 4 - 12.0 Points Question 1 of 50 1.0 Points According to the integrative model, which of the following factors influence the onset and maintenance of somatic symptom disorders? A.Biological, psychological, social and cultural factors. B.Psychological, cultural and perceptual factors. C.Medical, sociological, and psychological factors. D.Cultural, medical, and gender factors. Answer Key: A Question 2 of 50 1.0 Points Concerning the cause of dissociative disorders, _______ dominate(s) this field of psychology. A.theory and speculation B.statistical analysis from experiments C.observation and patient interviews D.experimental research with controlled groups Answer Key: A Question 3 of 50 1.0 Points Jill was the†¦show more content†¦Although she has had a complete medical work-up, no basis for the extremity of her pain has been found. Despite this medical clearance, she does not feel well enough to return to college studies. Which of the following best describes Heather s symptoms? A.Factitious disorder B.Somatic symptom disorder C.Dissociative disorder D.Depersonalization disorder Answer Key: B Part 2 of 4 - 2 13.0 Points Question 13 of 50 1.0 Points Double depression is a term used to refer to episodes of A.dysthymia that recur frequently. B.major depressive disorder in addition to dysthymia. C.dysthymia without major depressive disorder. D.suicidal thinking found in major depressive disorder. Answer Key: B Question 14 of 50 1.0 Points Tracy is experiencing depression and is writing in a journal in order to contemplate the cause of her mood. What response style is Tracy using to cope? A.distracting style B.attributional style C.ruminative style D.external style Answer Key: C Question 15 of 50 1.0 Points Based on John Bowlby s model of attachment researchers have focused on how mother-infant attachment affects A.family support in adulthood. B.vulnerability for bipolar disorder and cyclothymia. C.existential issues in the elderly.Show MoreRelatedAbnormal Behavior As Its Own Discourse Community1345 Words   |  6 PagesAbnormal Behavior as its own discourse community. Introduction: In order to fully understand Psychology as a discourse community, I have decided to research the Abnormal behavior branch; which is a study in the psychology field. I will then correlate that information to that of the psychology discourse community. Which will allow me to not only evaluate the Abnormal behavior branch, using both Swales and Pratt’s texts. Finally, I will most likely come to the conclusion based on my research, thatRead MoreNormal vs. Abnormal Psychology700 Words   |  3 PagesNormal v. Abnormal Psychology: Normal and abnormal psychology is based on the theory of perception whereby some changes are detected in the body such as the color of the body, its figure, shape, and size. Since the changes named above have been working hand in hand, it has not been easy to separate them but its only the color that cannot be experienced without raising some questions. Perception can also be based on the mental act, which is described as the kind of approach that an individual takesRead MoreChallenges in Identifying Mental Disorders685 Words   |  3 Pages To understand, or not to understand†¦that is the question. People live fairly normal, adaptive or with mental disorders, it would be a great task to understand thus. This paper is a short APA formatted reflective essay on my research determining, why abnormal behavior or a mental disorder so difficult to understand. When discussing or defining what is abnormal we can run into some challenges on our techniques in defining or diagnosing a patient. There are so many ways a person or client or patientRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology1161 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many branches in the world of psychology. 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Psychology also allows an individual to give special assistance to a specific group of children who could have a difficult time in schoolRead MoreThe Diverse Nature Of Psychology1157 Words   |  5 Pages The Diversity Nature of Psychology Anna Van Norton PSY/490 June 29, 2015 Dr. Edna Foster The Diverse Nature of Psychology Psychology is a diverse area of study; it is not an easy task. The field of psychology is so diverse and is always changing and evolving. Because of the always expanding of nature, there is not just only one theory that can explain and answer all of the questions that are associated with psychology. Psychology has always been defined by its diversity. It is theRead MoreAbnormal Psychology: Pop Culture1809 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Abnormal Psychology: Pop Culture In asking the question of what abnormal psychology is really supposed to be, it makes sense that we must first quickly think about the very definition of our word abnormal ¨. By all rights, is a remarkably puzzling word that is very dependent on what is called normality ¨. Both terms may justifiably change fundamentally from one era to another and one culture to a different one. How then do we choose upon what is abnormal and what is normal? Of course, thisRead MoreAdolescent Psychology Essay 31067 Words   |  5 PagesWundt Question: What Is Psychology? One of the most common questions asked by students new to the study of psychology is What is psychology? Misperceptions created by popular media as well as the diverse careers paths of those holding psychology degrees have contributed this confusion. Psychology is both an applied and academic field that studies the human mind and behavior. Research in psychology seeks to understand and explain thought, emotion, and behavior. Applications of psychology includeRead MoreJean Piaget s Theories Of Cognitive Development1360 Words   |  6 PagesPiaget was a Swiss psychologist. He worked in the fields of Developmental Psychology and Epistemology. He’s known for his works and theories in the field of child development. His theories of cognitive development and epistemological views are called, â€Å"genetic epistemology†. Piaget placed the education of children as most important. His works and theories still play a huge role and influence the study of child psychology today. Jean Piaget was born on August 9, 1896 in Neuchatel, Switzerland

Vajrayana Buddhism - 1221 Words

Vajrayana Buddhism NO NAME REL/133 September 19, 2011 Deborah Wilkinson Vajrayana Buddhism Vajrayana tradition of Buddhism is called the Diamond Vehicle. This third branch of Buddhism teaches that strength, clarity, wisdom, and flashes of light; here Vajrayana allows followers to receive such enlightenment through this vehicle of the lightning bolt. Those who practice this type of Buddhism find its complexities to be quite clear as the encounter truths of Buddha along the way of life events. Serenity and peace are experienced as they align themselves with revelations of Vajrayanan. What are mudras, and why are objects important? Why is meditation the very foundation to discovering the truths of Vajrayana, and Buddha’s†¦show more content†¦As with the Buddha’s road to enlightenment, the Vajrayana search for enlightenment and to be free of the cycle of life. Objects A variety of objects are used during worship rituals when practicing Vajrayana Buddhism. Each object has a specific meaning or special importance. It is believed that the objects provide protection and powers. The objects that will be covered are the vajra, the bell, and the prayer wheel. The vajra and the bell represent the union of wisdom and compassion when used together. The rituals are very specific down to what hand each object must be held in during worship. The vajra is held in the right hand while the left hand holds the bell. The vajra is a divining rod or staff made of metal. The meaning behind the vajra is power and insight and represents kind actions or compassion. The bell represents wisdom. A prayer wheel is an object used by many believers. Sacred phrases and Mantras are written on paper and wound inside the wheel. It is believed that by spinning the wheel with scriptures inside it is just as beneficial as reading them. This philosophy also suggests that the m ore scriptures placed inside, the more powerful and effective the prayer wheel is. 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Both of these sects of Buddhism came from China and were brought over to Japan by two different people. Saicho or Dengyo Daishi brought over Tendai sect (767-822) and Kukai or Kobo Daishi brought over Shingon sect (774-835) known as Esoteric BuddhismRead MoreEssay about The Evolution of Buddhism 1182 Words   |  5 PagesBuddhism is a unique religion that bestows upon its members that their actions accumulate karma and too much bad karma leads to rebirth. A person reaches Nirvana (also known as heaven) when achieving enlightenment and is no longer subjected to rebirth. Buddhism also believes there is no one almighty god, but rather many gods, which they refer to as deities. Dharma is commonly known as the sacred teachings of a deity. 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Palm Hospital Notes Free Essays

Palms Hospital (Traditional Project Analysis) Palms Hospital * 250 bed capacity; investor owned; Islamorada, Florida * Founded in 1946 by Rob Winslow, went back in 1967 after the war * High economic growth, population expansion Acknowledged to be one of the leading healthcare providers in the area * Currently evaluating a proposed ambulatory (outpatient) surgery centre * More than 80% o all outpatient surgery is performed by specialists * Minor procedures take about one hour or less, major procedures take two or more hours * About 60 percent of the procedures are performed under general anesthesia, 30 percent under local anesthesia, 10 percent under regional or spinal anesthesia * Operating rooms built in pairs for prep and surgery efficiency * Outpatient surgery market has experienced significant growth since the first ambulatory centre opened in 1970; 1990 – 2. million surgeries, 2009 – more than 20 million surgeries * Growth was fueled by three factors: rapid advance ments in technology made it possible for inpatient surgeries to be performed as outpatient surgeries,; Medicare has been aggressive in approving new minimally invasive surgery techniques, meaning number of Medicare patients who use outpatient surgery services has grown substantially; patients prefer outpatient surgeries for convenience, and third party payers prefer them for less cost * Inpatient surgery numbers have been flat due to these factors over the last 20 years; outpatient procedures grow at 10% annually * No other outpatient surgery centre exists in Palms Hospital’s immediate environment, but rumors about physician owned facilities are surfacing * Palms Hospital owns a land adjacent to the facility that would be a perfect location for the new ambulatory surgery centre; the land was bought for $150,000, spent $25,000 to clear the land (also expensed for tax purposes) to put sewer and utility lines. If sold today, the land will ring in $200,000. We will write a custom essay sample on Palm Hospital Notes or any similar topic only for you Order Now * The supposed building will house four operating suites that will cost $5,000,000 plus another $5,000,000 for equipment costs for a total of $10,000,000. *Note: the building and the equipment fall into the modified accelerated cost recovery system (MACRS) five-year class for tax depreciation purposes; in reality, the building has to be depreciated over a longer period than the quipment * Although the project may have a longer life, the hospital assumes a five-year life in its capital budgeting analyses and then approximates the value of the cash flows beyond year 5 by including a terminal/salvage value in the analysis; to estimate this value, the hospital uses the market value of the building and equipment after five years, which in this case is $5M before taxes, excluding land value. *Note: taxes must be paid on the difference between an asset’s salvage value and tax book value at termination; for example, if an asset that cost $10,000 is depreciated to $5,000 and then sold for $7,000, the firm owes taxes on the $2,000 excess in salvage value over tax book value * Expected volume for this centre is 20 procedures a day, with an average charge of $1,500 but charity care, bad debts, managed care plan discounts and other allowances lower the net revenue amount to $1,000; the centre will be open 5 days a week, 50 weeks a year, 250 days out of the year. Labor costs are expected to run at $918,000 a year excluding fringe benefits; utility costs run at $50,000 a year * If the centre is built, hospital’s cash overhead will increase by $36,000 annually, primarily for housekeeping, building and grounds maintenance; centre will be allocated $25,000 of the hospital’s current $2. 8M administrative overhead costs. On average, each procedure will require $200 in expendable medical supplies, including anesthetics. The hospital’s inventories and receivables, as well as accruals and payables will increase. Overall change in net working capital is expected to be small, therefore not imperative to the analysis. The hospital’s tax rate is 40%. * Inflation – one of the most difficult factors to deal with in project analysis. Input costs and charges have been rising at twice the rate of overall inflation. Inflationary pressures are highly variable. Analysis is started by assuming that both revenues and costs, except for depreciation, will increase at a constant rate – which they project will be at 3%. * Board members’ concerns – wants to make sure that a complete risk analysis including sensitivity and scenario analysis is performed before the proposal is presented (board was forced to close a daycare that appeared to be profitable but turned out to be a big money loser – 2 years ago) * Another concern would be the impact of the centre on the current volume of inpatient surgeries. Surgery department head projected that the outpatient surgery centre could siphon off up to $1,000,000 in cash revenues annually, hat could lead to a $500,000 reduction in annual cash expenses * The data developed for risk analysis were as follows: three input variables are highly uncertain – number of procedures per day, average revenue per procedure, building/equipment salvage value. If another centre was built to compete with theirs, number of procedures could be as low as 10 a day, but if acceptance to their centre is strong, they could be doing 25 procedures a day. * Net average revenue (cost of procedure) is $1000. But if surgery severity is high, net average revenue could be $1,200. If severity is low, it could be $800. If real estate and medical equipment values stay strong, salvage value could be as high as $6M, but if it weakens, it’ll be as low as $4M – considering that the average salvage value is $5M. Another board member question why the scenario analysis only had three scenarios and suggested 5 or 7. * Based on historical scenario analysis data that use best case, worst case, and most likely, the hospital’s average project has a coefficient of variation of NPV (net present value) in the range of 1. 0-2. 0 and the hospital typically adds or subtracts 4 percentage points to its 10 percent corporate cost of capital to adjust for differential project risk. * Note : the case asks us to conduct complete project analysis and present findings. It suggests the application of Monte Carlo simulation (but that is bullshit because that’s the simulation you need a computer software for). How to cite Palm Hospital Notes, Papers

Performance and Reward Management Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Performance and Reward Management. Answer: As stated by Shields et al., (2015), performance management is one of the crucial factors for gaining competitive advantage in the modern business environment.Performance management is the process of continuously measuring, identifying and developing performance in firms. This is done by aligning the personal gaols and objectives of the employees with that of the organization. Mone and London, (2018) stated, performance rating can be effectively used by the organization to increase the productivity of the employees. On the contrary, Pulakos et al., (2015) opined that there are other effective ways of evaluating the performance of the employees and help them in improving their quality of the performance. This literature will critically evaluate the importance of performance rating in elevating the performance of employees and whether companies can improve the employee performance without using performance ratings. As put forward by Judge and Zapata, (2015), performance rating is a part ofperformance management which is continuous process and aim at improving the overall growth of the organization. Performance rating is essential as it enables the managers to identify the strength and weaknesses of each of the employees. Moreover, the rating system will also reflect upon the growth of the employees in a particular time span. Therefore, the contribution of the employees towards the organization, their development in their respective career, promotional opportunities and pay increases and training needs are discussed within the organization. The rating system is the accurate reflection of employee performances which can be effectively used for their professional growth. On the other hand, Barrick et al., (2015) states, employee performance can be effectively evaluated without using the performance rating systems. The employees can be evaluated based on their accomplishments and the goals that they can achieve within a certain period of time. The employees can also be evaluated based on their future actions instead of their past performances. The performance rating system can also be avoided by discussing about their accomplishments and their future goals. As stated by Li, Bagger and Cropanzano, (2017), performance rating system contributes negatively more often than positively. Moreover, there are occasions where the rating systems are biased and inaccurate. It has been seen quite often that the performance measurement system is not an accurate measure of the organization and leads to an environment that is stressful. According to Borman, (2017), traditional approach of performancemanagement are still used many organization and all companies rate their employee performance. This enables them to identify the contribution of the employees to the organization. Maslows hierarchy of needs states that employee motivations to work are driven by their needs and wants. Moreover, there are certain needs that have higher priority than the others. Performance rating system is used to provide the employees with better monetary rewards and compensation packages so the employees driven by monetary urge will be able to perform in a better way. On the other hand, DeNisi and Murphy, (2017) states, recent research suggested that most of the employees are driven by growth than rewards, benefits and incentives. As stated by Bernardin, Orban and Carlyle, (2017), performance rating system should be developed according to the requirement of the organization. This will facilitate in development of an effective working environment and work culture. The work culture should always be congenial and conductive and this would facilitate the employees in sharing information and knowledge among each other so that the organizational goals can be achieved. However, in most occasions the inappropriate use of performance rating system makes the employees more oriented towards their personal goals. Performance rating system cannot be considered as the most effective system for promoting employee performance. Performance ratings system has been used by all companies in one way or the other and most of the cases the companies are unable to develop an effective performance rating system. The majority of the global organizations are more oriented towards employee growth than performance rating. The basic problems in performance rating system are lack of differentiation, recency effect, horn effect and personal bias. The managers are either reluctant to judge the employees or lack self confidence to justify the rating they have provided to the employees. Schuh et al., (2018) states, in most scenarios it has been seen that employees are given average ratings or similar ratings. This leads to either lower ratings for everyone or higher rating for everyone which means that this is amanagement failure. This will definitely have an adverse effect on the employees and their performance. Recency effect is another major issue where the managers become more diligent than before (Rock Jones, 2015). Therefore, continuous evaluations of the employees are not done which will highly affect the employees performance. Horn effect is very much frequent where the employees are judged on areas where they are highly competent or incompetent. This evaluation is not exactly true to the organizat ion. Personal biases are a common bias where the employees are rated based on their personal feelings and impressions about them. These drawbacks majorly hamper the employee performances and most of the employees will be highly demotivated due to these practices. According to Smith et al., (2016), managers should be able to inspire the employees in order to improve their performance. Employee engagement is more important in this context and can be used effectively to increase the efficiency of the employees. This is the reason that most of the companies are not using the simple rating system for improving the employee performance. There are other complex systems of continuous evaluation of the process such as performance curve and forced ranking which has been effective for motivating the employees. The employee performance ratings are hurting the productivity of the organization as they do not assist in improving the performance of the employees. This is because of the fact that the employees provided with top ratings become complacent while the ones provided with lower ratings are disappointed and angry. The rating system is the area where the employees are focused on and they do not even listen to the valuable feedback that is being provid ed to them. The employees are more focused on the numbers on the assessment sheet that they have received (Latham, 2016). The rating system is practically meaningless as there are managers that are too strict about the ratings and others are too lenient. There are instances when employees have tried their level best to contribute to the organization and they have made an effort to improve the performance. Moreover, their improvements have been well received by the management but at the end of the day they received the same ratings as their last year. This will result in development of all negative emotions within the employees which will highly affect their performance of the employees. Therefore, these instances shows that the performance rating systems have not been used the way they should in an organizational setting. As stated by Rosen et al., (2017), the purpose of the reviewing the performance of the employees is to develop their hidden talents and motivate them to perform in a better way. The ineffectiveness in the employee rating system increases the attrition rate of the organization which increases the organizational cost. The most relevant example is Microsoft where the removal of the rating system increased the collaboration within the employees and they have been able to increase the performance of the employees significantly. The removal of the rating system exhibited collaboration, agile and customer orientation which is essential for companies to gain competitive advantage in the market (Latham, 2016). The employees in the modern generation are looking for growth in their respective careers and talent management is more effective in which the manage rs had a frequent conversation with their employees so that employee engagement can be increased. These have increased the growth rate of the employees significantly and the employees are developing at faster rate. The tradition process showed that employees and managers spent a lot of time in discussing about their past performances. These have been a complete waste of time as the organizations should be more focused on the future development of the employees (Rock Jones, 2015). Therefore, instead of assessing the ability and talents of the employees it is essential for the organizations to provide suitable job roles according to their talents which will benefit the organization. The importance of employee management and growth is high so majority of the companies are getting rid of the performance rating system in order to increase their organizational efficiency. Therefore, the argumentative literature has been able to throw a light on the advantages and disadvantages of using performance rating system. Performance rating system is not the most effective way of increasing the performance of the employees which is the very reason that most of the global organization shave changed their human resource policies. Thus, it can be concluded that performance rating system is not effective in respect to the changing modern environment and has more adverse affects that positive effects on the employees. References Barrick, M. R., Thurgood, G. R., Smith, T. A., Courtright, S. H. (2015). Collective organizational engagement: Linking motivational antecedents, strategic implementation, and firm performance.Academy of Management journal,58(1), 111-135. Bernardin, H. J., Orban, J. A., Carlyle, J. J. (2017, November). Performance Rating as a Function of Trust in Appraisal and Rater Individual Differences. InAcademy of Management Proceedings. Academy of Management Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510. Borman, W. C. (2017). 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